郭东方,侯慧敏,徐鹤.“无废城市”建设背景下中国铜尾矿管理挑战及应对策略[J].中国环境管理,2026,18(3):12-22.
GUO Dongfang,HOU Huimin,XU He.Challenges and Strategic Countermeasures for Copper Tailings Management in China under the “Zero-Waste City” Initiative[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Management,2026,18(3):12-22. |
| “无废城市”建设背景下中国铜尾矿管理挑战及应对策略 |
| Challenges and Strategic Countermeasures for Copper Tailings Management in China under the “Zero-Waste City” Initiative |
| DOI：10.16868/j.cnki.1674-6252.2026.03.012 |
| 中文关键词: 尾矿 无废城市 循环经济 物质流分析 生命周期评价 |
| 英文关键词:tailings zero-waste cities circular economy material flow analysis life cycle assessment |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目“无废城市”建设背景下固体废物资源化减污降碳协同效应及实现机制研究”（72374112）。 |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 620 |
| 全文下载次数: 247 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 矿产资源的大规模开发利用支撑了经济社会发展，但采选过程中产生并长期堆存的大量尾矿已成为“无废城市”建设的重大挑战。为支撑尾矿的科学、精细化管理，本文以铜尾矿为研究对象，构建产生量测算模型，基于动态物质流分析预测未来铜尾矿产生趋势，并结合生命周期评价评估铜尾矿资源化利用的减污降碳效益。结果表明：①1950—2020年，我国累计产生铜尾矿55.6亿t，其中华东地区和西南地区分别占37.1%和26.0%，其余地区合计占36.9%，在“碳中和”情景下，预计2021—2060年我国将累计产生铜尾矿190.1亿t，是1950—2020年累计产生量的3.4倍；②铜尾矿资源化利用不仅能够有效消纳新增与历史遗存尾矿，还可以在全生命周期尺度上产生显著的减污降碳协同效益，其环境影响相较基准情景平均降低10%～ 30%，不同资源化利用路径在不同省级电力结构条件下的碳减排潜力也存在显著差异。本文建议：①因地制宜推进尾矿资源化利用，强化源头治理；②构建铜产业可持续发展模式；③完善风险防控体系，系统提升尾矿安全治理能力。强化政府、矿山企业与资源化利用主体之间的协同联动，推动尾矿管理向规范化、系统化和可持续方向发展，为“无废城市”和美丽中国建设提供长期稳定支撑。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The large-scale exploitation of mineral resources has strongly supported economic and social development; however, the massive generation and long-term storage of tailings during mining and beneficiation have become a major challenge for the construction of “zerowaste cities” in China. To support the scientific and refined management of tailings, this study takes copper tailings as the research object, constructs a tailings generation accounting model, predicts future trends of copper tailings generation using dynamic material flow analysis, and evaluates the pollution and carbon reduction benefits of copper tailings resource utilization through life cycle assessment. The results show that: ① From 1950 to 2020, China generated a total of 5.56 billion tons of copper tailings, with East China and Southwest China accounting for 37.1% and 26.0%, respectively, and the remaining regions together contributing for 36.9%. Under the carbon neutrality scenario, the cumulative copper tailings generation from 2021 to 2060 is expected to reach 19.01 billion tons, approximately 3.4 times the total generation from 1950 to 2020. ② The resource utilization of copper tailings can not only effectively absorb both newly generated and historically accumulated tailings, but also deliver significant synergistic benefits in pollution and carbon reduction at the life cycle scale, with environmental impacts reduced by an average of approximately 10%—30% compared to the baseline scenario. Meanwhile, the carbonreduction potential of different resource utilization pathways varies markedly under different provincial electricity-mix conditions. Based on these findings, it is recommended that, under the ocntext of “zero-waste cities” development, tailings resource utilization should be promoted in accordance with local conditions, source control should be strengthened, and a sustainable development model for the copper industry should be established. In addition, risk prevention and control systems should be improved, tailings safety management capacity should be systematically enhanced, and collaborative linkages among governments, mining enterprises, and resource utilization entities should be strengthened. These measures will help advance the standardization, systematization, and sustainability of tailings management, providing long-term and stable support for the construction of “zero-waste cities” and a Beautiful China. |
| HTML 查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| 关闭 |
|
|
|
